A Long-range Context-aware Platform Design For Rural Monitoring With IoT In Precision Agriculture
Keywords:
Internet of things, context-awareness, LoRa, precision agriculture, rural monitoringAbstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) applications has been developing greatly in recent years to solve communication problems, especially in rural areas. Within the IoT, the context-awareness paradigm, especially in precision agricultural practices, has come to a state of the planning of production time. As smart cities approach, the smart environment approach also increases its place in IoT applications and has dominated research in recent years in literature. In this study, soil and environmental information were collected in 17 km diameter in rural area with developed Long Range (LoRa) based context-aware platform. With the developed sensor and actuator control unit, soil moisture at 5 cm and 30 cm depth and soil surface temperature information were collected and the communication performance was investigated. During the study, the performance measurements of the developed Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) enabled Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) gateway were also performed.References
Andrisano, O. (2018). The Need of Multidisciplinary Approaches and Engineering Tools for the Development and Implementation of the Smart City Paradigm, Proceedings of the IEEE, 106(4), 738-760, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2018.2812836
Bramesfeld, A. (2016). Monitoring mental healthcare on a system level: Country profiles and status from EU countries, Health Policy, 120(6), 706-717, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2016.04.019
Brinis, L. (2016). Context Aware Wireless Sensor Network Suitable for Precision Agriculture, Wireless Sensor Network, 8, 1-12, 2016. https://doi.org/10.4236/wsn.2016.81001
Cambra, C.; DÃaz, J. R.; Lloret, J. (2015). Deployment and Performance Study of an Ad Hoc Network Protocol for Intelligent Video Sensing in Precision Agriculture, In Ad-hoc Networks and Wireless, Berlin, Heidelberg, 165-175, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46338-3_14
Carlsson, A.; Kuzminykh, I.; Franksson, R.; Liljegren, A. (2018). Measuring a LoRa Network: Performance, Possibilities and Limitations, Internet of Things, Smart Spaces, and Next Generation Networks and Systems, 11118, 116-128, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01168-0_11
Danita, M.; Mathew, B.; Shereen, N.: Sharon, N.; Paul, J. J.(2018). IoT Based Automated Greenhouse Monitoring System, In 2018 Second International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS), 1933-1937, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCONS.2018.8662911
Elhayatmy, G.; Dey, N.; Ashour, A. S. (2018). Internet of Things Based Wireless Body Area Network in Healthcare, Internet of Things and Big Data Analytics toward Next-Generation Intelligence, 30, 3-20, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60435-0_1
Grunwald, A.; Schaarschmidt, M.; Westerkamp, C. (2019). LoRaWAN in a rural context: Use cases and opportunities for agricultural businesses, In Mobile Communication - Technologies and Applications; 24. ITG-Symposium, 1-6, 2019.
Hammi, B.; Khatoun, R.; Zeadally, S.; Fayad, A.; Khoukhi, L. (2018). IoT technologies for smart cities, IET Networks, 7(1), 1-13, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-net.2017.0163
Hatfield, J. L.; Prueger, J. H. (2015). Temperature extremes: Effect on plant growth and development, Weather and Climate Extremes, 10, 4-10, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2015.08.001
Hu, G.; Zhao, L.; Wu, X. et al. (2016). New Fourier-series-based analytical solution to the conduction- convection equation to calculate soil temperature, determine soil thermal properties, or estimate water flux, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 95, 815-823, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.11.078
I. Ekberli, C. Gülser, A. Mamedov, and N. Özdemir. (2018). Investigating of heat conductivity equation with consideration of phase change and effect of soil moisture on heat diffusivity, Anadolu Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 33(3), 261-269, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.371463
Kabalci, Y. (2016). A survey on smart metering and smart grid communication, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 57, 302-318, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.114
Kim, S.; Lee, M.; Shin, C. (2018). IoT-Based Strawberry Disease Prediction System for Smart Farming, Sensors, 18, 11, 2018. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18114051
Lavanya, G.; Rani, C.; Ganeshkumar, P. (2019). An automated low cost IoT based Fertilizer Intimation System for smart agriculture, Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suscom.2019.01.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suscom.2019.01.002
Manfrini, L.; Zibordi, M.; Morandi, B.; Muzzi, E.; Losciale, P.; Corelli Grappadelli, L. (2015). Monitoring Strategies for Precise Production of High Quality Fruit and Yield in Apple in Emilia- Romagna, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 44, 301-306, 2015.
Mikhaylov, K.; Moiz, A.; Pouttu, A.; Rapún, J. M. M.; Gascon, S. A. (2018). LoRaWAN for Wind Turbine Monitoring: Prototype and Practical Deployment, In 2018 10th International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT), 1-6, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUMT.2018.8631240
Pasolini, G. (2018). Smart City Pilot Projects Using LoRa and IEEE802.15.4 Technologies, Sensors, 18(4), 2018. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041118
Pohanish, R. P. (2015). Introduction. Sittig's Handbook of Pesticides and Agricultural Chemicals (Second Edition), Ed. Oxford: William Andrew Publishing, pp. xv-xxix, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4557-3148-0.09985-4
Reche, A.; Sendra, S.; DÃaz, J. R.; Lloret, J. (2015). A Smart M2M Deployment to Control the Agriculture Irrigation, In Ad-hoc Networks and Wireless, Berlin, Heidelberg, 139-151, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46338-3_12
Sartori, D.; Brunelli, D. (2016). A smart sensor for precision agriculture powered by microbial fuel cells, In 2016 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS), 1-6, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2016.7479815
Shi, X.; Han, W.; Zhao, T.; Tang, J. (2019). Decision Support System for Variable Rate Irrigation Based on UAV Multispectral Remote Sensing, In Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 19(13), 2880, 2019. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19132880
Sinha, R. S.; Wei, Y. Q.; Hwang, S. H. (2017). A survey on LPWA technology: LoRa and NB-IoT, Ict Express, 3(1), 14-21, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2017.03.004
Song, W.; Feng, N.; Tian, Y. F.; Fong, S. M.; Cho, K. (2018). A Deep Belief Network for Electricity Utilisation Feature Analysis of Air Conditioners Using a Smart IoT Platform, Journal of Information Processing Systems, 14(1), 162-175, 2018.
Song, Y. H.;Lin, J. ; Tang, M.; Dong, S. F. (2017). An Internet of Energy Things Based on Wireless LPWAN, Engineering, 3(4), 460-466, 2017 . https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENG.2017.04.011
Sterbenz, J. P. G. (2017). Smart city and IoT resilience, survivability, and disruption tolerance: Challenges, modelling, and a survey of research opportunities, In 9th International Workshop on Resilient Networks Design and Modeling (RNDM), 1-6, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/RNDM.2017.8093025
Valach, A.; Macko, D. (2018). Exploration of the LoRa Technology Utilization Possibilities in Healthcare IoT Devices, In 2018 16th International Conference on Emerging eLearning Technologies and Applications (ICETA), 623-628, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETA.2018.8572032
[Online]. Available: www.espressif.com/en/products/hardware/esp32, Accessed on 14 November 2019.
[Online]. Available: github.com/raphaelcohn/bish-bosh, Accessed on 15 November 2019.
[Online]. Available: www.hoperf.com/modules/lora/RFM95.html, Accessed on 3 November 2019.
[Online]. Available: www.openwrt.org, Accessed on 15 November 2019.
[Online]. Available: www.unibo.it/en/research/projects-and-initiatives/bologna-smart-city-2/, Accesed on 01 November 2019.
Published
Issue
Section
License
ONLINE OPEN ACCES: Acces to full text of each article and each issue are allowed for free in respect of Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0.
You are free to:
-Share: copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format;
-Adapt: remix, transform, and build upon the material.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
DISCLAIMER: The author(s) of each article appearing in International Journal of Computers Communications & Control is/are solely responsible for the content thereof; the publication of an article shall not constitute or be deemed to constitute any representation by the Editors or Agora University Press that the data presented therein are original, correct or sufficient to support the conclusions reached or that the experiment design or methodology is adequate.